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Ammonium polyphosphate

Ammonium polyphosphate

CAS Number: 68333-79-9

Molecular Formula: (NH4PO3)n

Phosphorus Mineral Flame RetardantIntumescent AgentIndustrial GradeREACH Registered

About Ammonium polyphosphate

Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP), (NH4)3P04), (H20N5O10P3), polymeric form of Ammonium Polyphosphate (68333-79-9), is a phosphorus-based & halogen free flame retardant universally used in intumescent coatings, thermoplastics, and polymer composites. Upon heating, APP decomposes to release phosphoric acid, which promotes ch...

Ammonium polyphosphate Specifications

CAS Number
68333-79-9
Molecular Formula
(NH4PO3)n
IUPAC Name
pentaazanium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate
Canonical SMILES
[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P(=O)([O-])OP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)([O-])[O-]
InChI Key
GUSFEBGYPWJUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
1S/5H3N.H5O10P3/c;;;;;1-11(2,3)9-13(7,8)10-12(4,5)6/h5*1H3;(H,7,8)(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6)
EINECS Number
269-789-9
HSN No
2835.39.00
Appearance
White crystalline powder or granules
Density
1.9 g/cm³
Decomposition Temperature
> 240 °C (Phase II), Releases ammonia (NH₃) and phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on heating
Solubility in water (25 °C)
Phase I: 100–200 g/L (highly soluble)
pH (10% solution)
5.5 – 7.5
Hygroscopic
Slight (Phase II less hygroscopic than Phase I)
P₂O₅ Content
≥ 72% N
Content
≥ 14%
Solubility in water (25 °C)
≤ 0.5%
pH (10% aqueous solution)
5.5 – 7.5
Decomposition Temperature
≥ 240 °C
Moisture Content
≤ 0.25%
Particle Size
Available in fine powder (10–20 µm) and coarse grades (50–200 µm)
Low toxicity & Others
APP is considered relatively safe for humans and the environment, non-flammable, and environmentally friendly
Hazard Statement
H302: Harmful if swallowed H315: Causes skin irritation H319: Causes serious eye irritation H335: May cause respiratory irritation

Flame Retardants

Main component in intumescent coatings, paints, and plastics

Functional Benefits

Preferred in polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyurethane (PU) foams, epoxy resins. Promotes thermal stability, smoke suppression, and char formation in halogen free FR systems

Industrial Coatings

Fire-retardant additive in wood, textiles, papers, and decorative laminates. Preferred in fire-resistant paints, coatings.

Fertilizers (Phase I APP)

Nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer (slow release, water soluble)

Coatings & Adhesives

Improves flame resistance in water-based and solvent-based systems

Intumescent Systems

Forms protective char layer upon exposure to heat, reducing flammability

Temperature

Store at 15–30 °C

Environment

Keep dry, sealed, and away from moisture

Shelf Life

Up to 2 years under recommended storage conditions

Safety

Non-toxic, but avoid dust inhalation; use gloves and dust mask

Ammonium polyphosphate FAQs

Minimum Order Quantity

25 kg (evaluation) · 1 MT (commercial)

Lead Time

3 – 5 weeks estimated

Delivery Terms

FOB*

Packaging

20 L pails, 200 L HDPE drums, 1000 L IBC

US Availability

US Facility Inventory

Documentation

US SDS · COA · TDS · Specification sheet

US Regulatory & Quality Information

TSCA status*

US SDS / HazCom*

GHS classification*

ISO 9001:2015 site*

DOT shipping classification*

FDA status*

EPA status*

California Prop 65*

Reliable US supply chain

Regulatory compliance

On-time delivery

Technical expert support

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